The Trump administration has escalated its confrontation with the European Union over digital taxation, explicitly warning it will deploy "every tool at its disposal" to counter what it calls discriminatory measures against American tech companies. In an unprecedented move, Washington on Tuesday named nine major European firms—including SAP, Siemens, and Spotify—as potential targets for retaliatory fees or restrictions.
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The Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) issued the threat on Tuesday via social media, accusing the EU of persisting in "discriminatory and harassing lawsuits, taxes, fines, and directives" against American service providers. The warning marks a sharp intensification of transatlantic trade tensions as Brussels moves ahead with enforcement of digital regulations targeting U.S. tech giants like Google, Meta, and Amazon.
The Trump administration is preparing an investigation under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 that would allow the government to impose trade remedies, including tariffs, Bloomberg on Tuesday quoted an anonymous source.
The EU has defended its position, with trade chief Maros Sefcovic telling Bloomberg TV on Monday that the bloc is "going to protect our tech sovereignty." He emphasized that European regulations are "democratically adopted" through thorough legislative processes.
The dispute threatens to further strain U.S.-EU relations already tested by Trump's sweeping tariffs—including a 15% levy on many European goods—and faltering Ukraine peace negotiations.
USTR Names European Firms as Potential Targets
In its Tuesday social media post, the USTR stated: "The European Union and certain EU Member States have persisted in a continuing course of discriminatory and harassing lawsuits, taxes, fines, and directives against U.S. service providers. U.S. services companies provide substantial free services to EU citizens and reliable enterprise services to EU companies, and they support millions of jobs and more than $100 billion in direct investment in Europe. The United States has raised concerns with the EU for years on these matters without meaningful engagement or basic acknowledgement of U.S. concerns."
The post contrasted this with European companies' access to American markets: "In stark contrast, EU service providers have been able to operate freely in the United States for decades, benefitting from access to our market and consumers on a level playing field." It listed Accenture, Amadeus, Capgemini, DHL, Mistral AI, Publicis Groupe, SAP, Siemens, and Spotify as examples of firms enjoying "expansive market access."
The warning concluded: "If the EU and EU Member States insist on continuing to restrict, limit, and deter the competitiveness of U.S. service providers through discriminatory means, the United States will have no choice but to begin using every tool at its disposal to counter these unreasonable measures. Should responsive measures be necessary, U.S. law permits the assessment of fees or restrictions on foreign services, among other actions."
The Digital Tax Dispute
Digital services taxes levy charges on revenue tech companies generate from users in particular countries through activities like targeted advertising, streaming, and data sales. France introduced a 3% tax in 2019 on companies with annual revenue exceeding €750 million globally and €25 million in France. Other European nations—including Italy, Austria, Spain, and Britain—followed suit.
Critics argue these taxes unfairly target American firms and slow technological innovation. Trump administration officials accuse the EU of flouting commitments in its trade deal with the US to "address unjustified digital trade barriers." Trump has repeatedly criticized digital taxes as non-tariff barriers harming American businesses, threatening "substantial" tariffs against countries imposing them.
The president has achieved some victories, including Canada's June decision to scrap its digital levy hours before implementation. However, the EU has pressed forward, recently imposing fines worth hundreds of millions of dollars against Apple, Meta, and Elon Musk's X social network.
Escalating Tensions and Failed Negotiations
The USTR's statement accused the EU of ignoring years of US objections while American companies provide "substantial free services to EU citizens" and support "millions of jobs and more than $100 billion in direct investment in Europe."
Sefcovic said he maintains permanent contact with U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer and Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick, but the administration cast the EU as unresponsive to American concerns.
The digital tax dispute hangs over ongoing trade negotiations as Europeans seek tariff exemptions, building on commitments to remove duties on American industrial goods. The USTR warned the risk extends to "other countries that pursue an EU-style strategy in this area"—a potential caution for Australia, the UK, and other nations contemplating similar policies.
US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent previously led efforts to remove a "revenge tax" provision from Trump's tax legislation after securing a G-7 agreement on exempting US companies from the global minimum tax, including "constructive dialogue on the taxation of the digital economy."
